EVASÃO ESCOLAR: NO 6º ANO DO ENSINO FUNDAMENTAL DA ESCOLA MUNICIPAL MARECHAL RONDON

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Palavras-chave: Evasão Escolar; Pesquisa; Escola Municipal; Alunos; Professores.

Abstract

This research was aimed at identifying the factors that contribute to avoidance at a komunale School in the city of Abunã. The thematic that guided this RESEARCH is the result of the anxieties and anxieties that arose in the experience as a teacher nuk 6ºano of the School komunale bëjë Teaching Themelore Marechal Rondon, for the objectives not reached in Pedagogical practice, due to the evasion, generating një need to understand the Reasons that lead So many students will not leave school. It was also intended to verify if the rates of evasion are representative of the number of students enrolled and, raise aspects that make it possible to reduce this evasion in this school unit. Access to the School has been facilitated by providing demand, as close as possible to the Residence bëjë student, with a significant increase in enrollment, but the number of evaders is worrying. In the School researched there are currently about enrolled students. Between 2013 and 2016 një matrícula ANUALI turned in Latvia from 850 to 900 students and një evasão, between 149 to 185 students. At the beginning of each year, 40 to 50 pupils per class are enrolled, and as soon as they begin, if they do not attend, they will not decrease. As teachers of a School directed to the attendance of a poor Komunitet, one perceives the conflict: the will or necessity of Studying X all other necessities and Problems inherent to the less favored ones. Avoidance is not a problem Just in this School. However, the fact that the School Unit tries to meet the needs of the students in a holistic way is either cognitive, affective, moral, social, or other aspects, appears to be insufficient. It is hoped that the understanding of this mikro reality may serve as a lever for the development of new studies, thus contributing to reducing evasion in all school units. Considering një comprehensiveness bëjë Subject OE how much is already Being discussed, intends to make a cut of the psychosocial aspects, Looking for data regarding the reasons of school avoidance, relating them with some variables, such as: bërë profesor, new TECHNOLOGIES, affectivity, need Of the student Work, teaching methods, participation of the Family, pregnancy, DRUGS, violence, underemployment, and thus understand why students leave school. The work took as a point of a Bibliographic SEARCH and dokumentare, which as it had Source books, journals, Magazines, faqet. Among the many authors who deal with this Pyetje, we sought, mainly, contributions from theorists such as Moacir Gadotti, Vygotsky, Wallon and Paulo Freire. Edhe, it was a done field research in the School, to learn of the students, what factors contribute to një evasão. Applied It was a questionnaire, of a confidential nature, një 12 respondents, to the extent that the ish-students were found. The work was well received by Komunitet. The result pointed to the need for students to work and their children as the most striking reasons for school dropout in that unit. This RESEARCH can be considered relevant in the measure in which it approached causes and consequences of the school dropout, providing a better understanding on the subject. The analysis of the results was done within the qualitative approach considering the data collected. Key Words: School Evasion; SEARCH; Municipal School; Students; Teachers.

SUMÁRIO

RESUMO..............................................................................................................6

1. INTRODUÇÃO...............................................................................................7

2. A EVASÃO ESCOLAR: SUAS DIVERSAS FACES E IMPLICAÇÕES 13

2.1 A evasão escolar e o interacionismo de Vygotsky.....................................15

2.2 Evasão e repetência: fracasso escolar........................................................18

2.3 Evasão escolar e afetividade.........................................................................23

2.4 A formação do professor contribui para diminuir a evasão....................28

3. AS CAUSAS DA EVASÃO ESCOLAR: UM ESTUDO DE CASO NUMA UNIDADE DE ENSINO MUNICIPAL DE ABUNÃ.....................................37

3.1 Contextualização da Unidade de Ensino...................................................38

3.2 Perfil dos respondentes...............................................................................42

3.3 As causas da evasão.....................................................................................46

4. CONSIDERAÇÕES FINAIS........................................................................53

4.1 Como utilizar as novas tecnologias para incluir e combater evasão.......57

REFERÊNCIAS................................................................................................64

APÊNDICE........................................................................................................67

INTRODUCÃO

A temática que norteou esta pesquisa é o resultado das inquietações e angústias surgidas na vivência como docente, no 6º ano do Ensino Fundamental de uma escola municipal Marechal Rondon, no distrito de Abunã. Isto, porque a insatisfação pelos objetivos não atingidos na prática pedagógica, devido à evasão, gerou a necessidade de compreender os motivos que levam tantos alunos a abandonarem a escola.

De acordo com o relatório de 2013, da Secretaria Municipal da Educação, a rede pública municipal de ensino conta com (trezentos e dezessete) unidades escolares, atendendo cerca de 146.900 alunos, em 4.852 classes, com 4.168 professores, sendo 3.319 efetivos do Município, 257 substitutos e 592 do Estado, decorrentes do processo de municipalização do Ensino Fundamental, além de diretores, vice-diretores e especialistas em Educação. O acesso à escola tem sido facilitado propiciando o atendimento à demanda, o mais próximo possível da residência do aluno, com um crescimento de 162,18% da matrícula no período compreendido entre 1996 e 2003.